The Repentance - 9:31 They took the scribes and the religious leaders and the Messiah, the son of Mary, as gods apart from God. But they were commanded to serve only one God. There is no god but Him. And He is Most High from those whom they associate as partners.
Why does Allah not forgive those who die associating partners?
The Women/4:48 Allah does not forgive associating partners with Him, but other than that He forgives to whom He wills. Whoever associates partners with Allah has committed a great insult.
The Women/4:116 Allah does not forgive associating partners with Him (if it continues until death), but He forgives the sins below that to whom He wills. Whoever associates partners with Allah has gone astray.

Luqman/31:13 "When Lokman advised his son, he said: "My dear son, do not associate partners with Allah; surely shirk (associating partners with God) is a great wrong."

The Companies/39:65 It has been revealed to you and those before you that if you associate partners, all that you do will be in vain and you will be of the losers.